The minimum input pulse length for the gateware is one RTIO clock cycle, typically 8ns (could be less and down to 1ns, but I'd have to double-check the source to make sure that there is no mishandled corner case).
If you are using the DIO_SMA or DIO_BNC module, the isolator chip inside also has a minimum pulse width of 5ns, see https://www.silabs.com/documents/public/data-sheets/si865x-datasheet.pdf